Correction: Liu et al. LeGRXS14 Reduces Salt Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plants 2023, 12, 2320.

The authors wish to correct the following error in the original paper [...].

The effect of the Ankle Pump Exercise (APE) counter system assisted ankle pump motion in patients after femoral neck fracture.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of the Ankle Pump Exercise (APE) counter system on moderate to high-risk Venous thromboembolism (VTE) after femoral neck fracture surgery. METHODS: From June 2021 to June 2022, a total of 140 patients with moderate and high-risk VTE after femoral neck fracture surgery treated at the Department of Orthopedics of a tertiary hospital in Zhejiang were included and divided into observation (70 cases) and control (70 cases) groups according to whether APE counter system was used or not. The control group was given routine oral propaganda, and the observation group was given a comprehensive nursing intervention with APE counter system on the basis of the control group's treatment. The compliance rates of the two groups on the postoperative 3st, 5rd, and 7th days were compared. Moreover, the General self-efficacy scale (GSES) was used to evaluate self-efficacy before and after exercise. RESULTS: The compliance rates of the control group and the observation group on the postoperative 3st, 5rd, and 7th days were 74.3% vs. 85.7%, 67.1% vs. 85.7%, and 61.4% vs. 82.9%. On the 5rd and 7th days, the compliance of the observation group was obviously higher than that of the control group. Moreover, the mean postoperative GSES score was also significantly higher than that in the control group (23.20 ± 3.516 vs. 25.31 ± 4.583, P < 0.05, values are expressed in mean ± standard). CONCLUSION: APE counter system can significantly improve the compliance and self-efficacy of patients with moderate and high-risk VTE after lower limb fracture surgery.

LeGRXS14 Reduces Salt Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Salt stress represents a significant abiotic stressor for plants and poses a severe threat to agricultural productivity. Glutaredoxins (GRXs) are small disulfide reductases that can scavenge cellular reactive oxygen species and are crucial for plant growth and development, particularly under stressful circumstances. Although CGFS-type GRXs were found to be involved in various abiotic stresses, the intrinsic mechanism mediated by LeGRXS14, a tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) CGFS-type GRX, is not yet fully understood. We discovered that LeGRXS14 is relatively conserved at the N-terminus and exhibits an increase in expression level under salt and osmotic stress conditions in tomatoes. The expression levels of LeGRXS14 in response to osmotic stress peaked relatively rapidly at 30 min, while the response to salt stress only peaked at 6 h. We constructed LeGRXS14 overexpression Arabidopsis thaliana (OE) lines and confirmed that LeGRXS14 is located on the plasma membrane, nucleus, and chloroplasts. In comparison to the wild-type Col-0 (WT), the OE lines displayed greater sensitivity to salt stress, resulting in a profound inhibition of root growth under the same conditions. Analysis of the mRNA levels of the WT and OE lines revealed that salt stress-related factors, such as ZAT12, SOS3, and NHX6, were downregulated. Based on our research, it can be concluded that LeGRXS14 plays a significant role in plant tolerance to salt. However, our findings also suggest that LeGRXS14 may act as a negative regulator in this process by exacerbating Na+ toxicity and the resulting oxidative stress.

Nanoluciferase as a novel quantitative protein fusion tag: Application for overexpression and bioluminescent receptor-binding assays of human leukemia inhibitory factor.

Nanoluciferase (NanoLuc) is a newly developed small luciferase reporter with the brightest bioluminescence reported to date. In the present work, we developed NanoLuc as a novel quantitative protein fusion tag for efficient overexpression in Escherichia coli and ultrasensitive bioluminescent assays using human leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) as a model protein. LIF is an interleukin 6 family cytokine that elicits pleiotropic effects on a diverse range of cells by activating a heterodimeric LIFR/gp130 receptor. Recombinant preparation of the biologically active LIF protein is quite difficult due to its hydrophobic nature and three disulfide bonds. Using the novel NanoLuc-fusion approach, soluble 6×His-NanoLuc-LIF fusion protein was efficiently overexpressed in E. coli and enzymatically converted to monomeric mature LIF. Both the mature LIF and the NanoLuc-fused LIF had high biological activities in a leukemia M1 cell proliferation inhibition assay and in a STAT3 signaling activation assay. The NanoLuc-fused LIF retained high binding affinities with the overexpressed LIFR (Kd = 1.4 ± 0.4 nM, n = 3), the overexpressed LIFR/gp130 (Kd = 115 ± 8 pM, n = 3), and the endogenously expressed LIFR/gp130 (Kd = 33.1 ± 3.2 pM, n = 3), with a detection limit of less than 10 receptors per cell. Thus, the novel NanoLuc-fusion strategy not only provided an efficient approach for preparation of recombinant LIF protein but also provided a novel ultrasensitive bioluminescent tracer for ligand-receptor interaction studies. The novel NanoLuc-fusion approach could be extended to other proteins for both efficient sample preparation and various bioluminescent quantitative assays in future studies.